Resumen
This dissertation examines the political outcomes of collective action in the context
of an intermediation crisis. Using a mixed-methods approach, it analyzes
how social mobilization in Chile–particularly the 2019 social outbreak–has influenced
political preferences, electoral behavior, and political trajectories. The
thesis is structured around four articles: (i) the analysis of the short- and mid-term
effects of the 2019 protests on public opinion and voting behavior; (ii) the evaluation
of the impact of the 2019 social outbreak on the political composition of
the Constitutional Convention; (iii) the assessment of the political trajectories of
former delegates following the rejection of the constitutional proposal in 2022;
and (iv) the analysis of the demobilization of two major Chilean movements–
the student movement and No+AFP. The research combines quasi-experimental
designs, original datasets, panel surveys, and qualitative data. Findings indicate
that less organized, newer, and territorially rooted actors are more likely to influence
politics under conditions of an intermediation crisis. However, their impacts
tend to be short-term. This dissertation contributes to the literature by integrating
the study of political outcomes of collective action with the intermediation crisis
framework, showing that while social movements can shape institutional politics,
their long-term influence is often constrained by organizational limitations and
shifting societal expectations.