Papers
Between Hope and Disaffection: The Chilean Constitution-Making Process and the Intermediation Crisis
PS: Political Science & PoliticsOn November 15, 2019, following almost a month of massive daily demonstrations across Chile, most political parties agreed to initiate an unprecedented constituent process. This article examines the distance between society, political parties, and social movements by analyzing the composition of the 2021–2022 Constitutional Convention.
Seguir leyendoPro-dictatorship memorialization in democratic Chile (1990–2020): How is it maintained?
Memory StudiesThe article examines the combinations of conditions that explain the maintenance of pro-dictatorship memorialization in democratic Chile, where various pro-dictatorship memory sites, memorials, squares, and street names still positively commemorate the military dictatorship or associated elements (1973– 1990).
Seguir leyendoUna profecía involuntaria
Apuntes de TeatroEste ensayo propone una tesis: el teatro que trabaja con testimonios es profético no porque ofrezca vaticinios acertados, sino porque construye las condiciones para la escucha de los enunciados fracturados de quienes han sido borrados de la historia y de la lengua. El teatro que trabaja con testimonios construye, a futuro, las condiciones para comprender la palabra del otro que ha padecido la violencia.
Seguir leyendoA Politics of care from the Margins of Chile’s Social Uprising
South Atlantic QuarterlyThis essay addresses the Chilean social uprising of 2019 through the experiences of Marta and Juan, two residents of the peripheries of Santiago, who became involved in this event despite having no previous experience of participation in social and political organizations. It explores this event's strength in triggering contentious actions on the urban margins, and repression by the police‐criminal apparatus of the state. Delving into the ethical and biographical dispositions facilitating this couple's politicization during the course of the revolt, it argues that the critical force of this event lies precisely in the entry of unexpected—even unwanted—actors into the political space.
Seguir leyendoDesafíos de la justicia transicional en América Latina
Revista de Derecho UCUEn las últimas cuatro décadas se han realizado y se siguen llevado a cabo diversos procesos de justicia transicional en numerosos países latinoamericanos que han padecido dictaduras, regímenes autoritarios y conflictos armados. Es una tarea de largo aliento que puede tomar varias décadas, por lo que se requiere persistir en los distintos frentes de trabajo. El artículo resalta seis aspectos estratégicos para una revisión integral de los principales desafíos para la agenda de la justicia transicional en América Latina.
Seguir leyendoCarceral domesticity as containment of troubled families in Santiago, Chile
Environment and Planning D: Society and SpaceThis article deals with the ways in which populations in prison-neighbourhood circuits are policed, managed, and contained in Santiago, Chile. It draws attention to how the safeguarding of social order and security policy is intertwined with the reproduction of carceral domesticities among low-income households.
Seguir leyendoConociendo intimidades frágiles y esquivas de mujeres en Santiago más allá de los cuidados: un primer intento
Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad - Revista LatinoamericanaEn Chile se ha dado poca atención a los cambios en la intimidad de las mujeres, particularmente aquellas pertenecientes a estratos económicos bajos. Teniendo como base nuestras investigaciones etnográficas, y profundizando en las vidas de dos mujeres, en este artículo reflexionamos sobre el camino hacia la intimidad como un proceso que nuestras interlocutoras anhelan.
Seguir leyendoMapuche anti colonial politics and Chile’s Social Uprising
South Atlantic QuarterlyThis essay examines milestones in the life history of one subject, Mauricio Lepin, and his involvement in the Chilean social uprising. By exploring the encounter of his trajectory with the uprising, the essay reveals under-explored dimensions of the anticolonial character of this critical event in Chile's history of the present.
Seguir leyendoDevenir emprendedor: subjetividades emergentes y las políticas de fomento al microemprendimiento en Chile
Revista Austral de Ciencias SocialesA partir de una investigación etnográfica multisituada, realizada en contextos urbanos, indígenas y rurales en Chile, en este artículo exploramos los procesos de subjetivación que emergen en poblaciones heterogéneas involucradas en las políticas de fomento al microemprendimiento. Observando la importancia que tienen las nociones de flexibilidad e incertidumbre en la formación emprendedora desarrollada por estos programas, argumentamos que micro emprendedores y funcionarios públicos protagonizan una apropiación activa y crítica de los principios económicos que definen al emprendimiento, con el fin de internalizar la incertidumbre y precariedad como elemento constitutivo de la vida contemporánea.
Seguir leyendoPrevención del delito, la construcción de la seguridad ciudadana y los cambios en la política criminal en Chile. 1990-2017
Política CriminalDurante las últimas décadas, la preocupación por el delito en Chile ha gatillado transformaciones importantes en la forma de gobernar el problema. Más que un cambio de paradigma, el análisis de esta trayectoria da cuenta de procesos que evidencian una apropiación sinuosa de elementos del enfoque de gestión de riesgos que fueron importados desde el norte anglosajón e implementados durante la democracia neoliberal chilena. Este artículo analiza, mediante una metodología cualitativa, cómo en este proceso, el giro participativo y la dimensión ciudadana tuvieron un rol clave.
Seguir leyendoPlanning for fear of crime reduction: Assessing the impact of public space regeneration on safety perceptions in deprived neighborhoods
Landscape and Urban PlanningFear of crime significantly reduces people’s time–space access to and use of public space, notably in high-crime neighborhoods where concerns around personal safety are more acute. One widely used strategy to reduce fear of crime is the regeneration of the built environment. This research, incorporating a gender perspective, assesses whether neighborhood-level regeneration of public space significantly enhances or reduces residents’ perceptions of safety in deprived urban areas with a gender perspective.
Seguir leyendoPolíticas neoliberales en los márgenes urbanos
Revista Mexicana de SociologíaEn los márgenes urbanos, la precariedad material y la segregación espacial moldean la vida de los más pobres. En esta investigación, mediante un estudio cualitativo realizado en la periferia de Santiago de Chile, se indaga en las narrativas y las prácticas que configuran las políticas neoliberales en el campo de la vivienda y la educación.
Seguir leyendoChile 2022: From Great Expectations to Rising Pessimism
Revista de Ciencia Política UCIn this article, I analyse three critical processes that help explain the recent variable trajectory of Chilean politics throughout 2022. First, I examine the Constitutional Convention and its discrediting process in the eyes of citizens. Second, I delve into the first year of Gabriel Boric’s government, focusing on his actions and discourses and how they had to be readjusted amid the changing conditions of the country. Finally, I analyse the evolution of three internal security threats: violent protests, criminal violence and indigenous insurgencies.
Seguir leyendoThe making of a conservation frontier: Nation-building, green productivism, and environmentalism in Patagonia
The Journal of Latin American and Caribbean AnthropologyIn Patagonia, emerging concerns over environmental degradation in frontier territories suggest the constitution of a new type of frontier—the conservation frontier—in which nature is an object of consumption rather than extraction. Conservation frontiers are made through disputed forms of spatialization, in which wilderness can be a refuge, a source of capital accumulation, and a new space for political experimentation.
Seguir leyendoState Responses to Autonomy Demands: Indigenous Movements and Regional Threats in Bolivia and Ecuador
Journal of Politics in Latin AmericaIn this paper, we examine the political factors that explain state responses to demands for indigenous territorial autonomy in Ecuador and Bolivia. Specifically, we aim to explain why the 2009 Bolivian constitution limited indigenous territorial autonomy to the departmental level, not allowing indigenous peoples to establish autonomous regions that lay beyond a single departmental jurisdiction, whereas the 2008 Ecuadorian constitution allows indigenous jurisdictions to exceed provincial boundaries.
Seguir leyendoEncarcelamiento materno y problemas de comportamiento en niños, niñas y jóvenes en Chile
Revista Española de Investigación CriminológicaLa tasa de encarcelamiento ha aumentado significativamente en Chile en las últimas décadas, siendo este aumento particularmente pronunciado en el caso de la población penal femenina. En una sociedad patriarcal donde la crianza recae principalmente en las mujeres, esto genera consecuencias para ellas y sus hijos/as. Este artículo explora en qué medida las características de los/as niños/as, del contexto donde quedan y de la condena de la madre se relacionan con más conductas problemáticas.
Seguir leyendoEl derecho y la representación de la protesta política violenta: análisis de un expediente judicial del estallido chileno
Derecho PUCPEl derecho constituye un dispositivo que sirve a efectos de naturalizar el orden social existente, es por ello que el ciclo de protestas observadas desde octubre de 2019 en Chile, en tanto se orienta a producir cambios en el orden social, tensiona lo jurídico. La investigación propuesta constituye un aporte a la comprensión sociojurídica de la representación de la protesta, examinando un proceso judicial orientado al castigo de acciones desarrolladas en el marco de las protestas ocurridas en Chile en 2019.
Seguir leyendoDo Fiscal Transfers Affect Local Democracy? Lessons from Chilean Municipalities
Latin American Politics and SocietyExtant literature concurs that fiscal transfers affect local democracy when they grant subnational governments nontax revenue. Yet there is nonetheless a mismatch between this concept and existing measures, which consider the whole transfers local governments receive, including both tax and nontax revenue. This article studies the Fondo Común Municipal (FCM), the most important intergovernmental grant in Chile, and provides a novel measure of nontax revenue.
Seguir leyendoLos delitos del estallido social y el rol de la Defensoría Penal Pública en Chile en 2019
Derecho PUCPEn esta investigación se compara el comportamiento delictual en Chile entre los años 2017 y 2021, y se identifican los delitos del estallido social. El volumen y las especificidades de los delitos del estallido social pusieron a prueba a todo el sector justicia y, al hacerlo, posibilitaron la generación de creencias sobre la legitimidad del sistema de justicia penal. En contextos de disturbios sociales, el surgimiento de dichas creencias parece especialmente importante porque puede incrementar la percepción de injusticia, potenciando el malestar social que da origen a dichos disturbios.
Seguir leyendoIntroduction: Widening the Space of Politics
South Atlantic Quarterly (advance publication)This dossier proposes to explore the uprising as a critical event provoking unprecedented processes of political subjectivation and opening the field of action and influence to subjects who had been kept on the margins of the construction of history. This introduction begins by describing the social uprising that occurred in Chile in 2019, the largest cycle of protests since the end of the Pinochet era.
Seguir leyendoThe long memory of the land: Pre-colonial origins of Mapuche mobilization in Chile
Political GeographyWe aim to explain the long-term territorial patterns of conflict across Mapuche communities in southern Chile. The Mapuche indigenous people have resisted external invasions by colonial settlers and the Chilean state for about five centuries. However, not all Mapuche communities have mobilized for their demands. While conflict between communities and external invaders has been a historical constant in certain areas, in others, Mapuche communities have remained largely passive. We explain subnational patterns of Mapuche mobilization by identifying path-dependent sequences –that range between conflictive and passive– that trace back to the social complexity of pre-colonial societies.
Seguir leyendoUneven States, Unequal Societies, and Democracy’s Unfulfilled Promises: Citizenship Rights in Chile and Contemporary Latin America
Latin American Politics and SocietyIn contemporary Latin America, deep-seated social discontent with political elites and institutions has been, paradoxically, the counterpart of democratic stability and resilience. This paradox suggests that scholarly assessments of democracy are, at least partially, at odds with citizens’ own views of democracy. This article thus develops a framework to describe citizens’ everyday experience with civil, political, and social entitlements associated with democracy.
Seguir leyendoIntergroup relations affect depressive symptoms of indigenous people: Longitudinal evidence
European Journal of Social PsychologyOne thousand eight hundred thirty-five individuals who self-identified as Indigenous participated in a two-wave longitudinal survey conducted in Chile with an 18 months lag. This was an approximately nationally representative sample of residents from culturally diverse communities. The aim of the study was to identify protective and adverse factors that are related to the development of depressive symptoms in Indigenous people.
Seguir leyendoMore than mothers: intimacies and affection in low-income women in Chile
Families and Relationships and SocietiesBased on three case studies, in this article, we reflect on urban low-income women’s sense of and desire for intimacy that exceeds but does not exclude their maternal self. We present our findings based on three heuristic aspects of intimacy: rooted strategies for a renovated desire for intimacy; the desire to enjoy; and life outside the house and the desire for meaningful relations
Seguir leyendoThe “Buried Mirror”: History and Chile’s New Constitution
Public History WeeklyThe recent process to draft a new constitution in Chile debated the notion of nation in a country that has been reticent to problematize it. This debate is prevalent in Latin America, and dates from the independence wars in the nineteenth century, going through the different national projects up to the twenty first century.
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